Purpose This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing physical activity levels among older adults in Korea. The study classified physical activity into low physical activity (LPA) and moderatetovigorous physical activity (MVPA) and investigated the key determinants affecting MVPA participation. Methods A total of 1,804 participants aged 65 years or older were included. Sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and behavioral factors were examined, and complex sample logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant predictors of MVPA. Results The results indicated that older age was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of engaging in MVPA (OR=0.930, p=.023). Males were significantly more likely to participate in MVPA compared to females (OR=4.364, p=.001). Additionally, participants who perceived their health status as good were more likely to engage in MVPA than those who rated their health as fair (OR=1.760, p=.039). Conclusion These findings emphasize the need for tailored interventions to promote physical activity among older adults, particularly strategies addressing agerelated declines, gender differences, and perceptions of health status.